Citizen science and advances in DNA sequencing help identify Jane and John Does.

“Lake Stickney John Doe” spent almost a decade underwater before surfacing in June 1994 — a pair of fishermen found him among a patch of lily pads in Snohomish County, Washington.

An autopsy revealed only a few details: He had been shot in the head, likely dumped in the late 1980s and was somewhere between 25 and 35 years old.

Discovering his identity would be an uphill, if not impossible, feat. One-fifth of a nanogram — fewer than 20 human cells worth of DNA, all of it incomplete and contaminated, were recovered from the body. This, compared to a traditional cheek swab which generates between 750 and 1,000 nanograms of clean, complete DNA. The case stayed cold for over 26 years.

This summer, as lakes dry up due to climate-change induced drought, there have been an alarming number of similar John and Jane Does found — their remaining genetic material compromised after being submerged years in lakewater. At Lake Mead, four bodies have been discovered in the reservoir since May, the latest turning up on Aug. 6.

The growing sector of genetic genealogy combines advances in two distinct scientific fields — DNA sequencing and genealogy. Scientists are able to recover trace amounts of DNA to build a genetic profile and then infer familial relationships by searching databases of DNA profiles from people who have paid to have their genetic material sequenced. Though only a decade old, the method has helped solve cases where law enforcement had DNA samples, but nothing to compare them to.

You can read a lot more in an article by Christian Thorsberg published in the Grid.News web site at: https://bit.ly/3phwuaU.

The following is a press release from TheGenealogist:

TheGenealogist has been praised for its innovative tools that allow you to discover exactly where your ancestors lived, using Map Explorer™. This innovative feature has now been added to Gold and Starter level subscriptions.

Home of Joseph Chamberlain (father of the WW2 prime minister) found on the 1891 census in Map Explorer™

Census pins identify properties on Map Explorer™

Image Archive records located on Map Explorer™

From today, a significant number of databases including the 1891, 1901 and 1911 census, plus TheGenealogist’s Image Archive pictures and along with the Domesday Book 1086, are now available with pins on georeferenced maps in Map Explorer™. This makes Starter & Gold Subscriptions powerful resources for researchers to see where their forebears lived, as well as to investigate the neighbourhood and surrounding area. Accessing Map Explorer™ on a mobile allows researchers to walk in the footsteps of ancestors and discover where homes, schools, places of work and other buildings may once have stood but have now disappeared.

This interface will place a pin on the house using historical data to identify its location where possible or if not, the street or parish on an appropriate map of the area connected to the record. As this resource makes use of a number of historical and modern maps matching the same precise coordinates, Starter & Gold subscribers are in a much better position to see where their ancestors had once lived even if the area has now changed.

To find out what’s included in the discounted Starter and Gold subscriptions go to www.thegenealogist.co.uk/PRTGAUG22

To read about using the Census collection, Image Archive and Domesday Book 1086 linked to mapping for an area recently in the news see our article: Mapping the records from a PM’s house to the Conqueror’s Manor

https://www.thegenealogist.co.uk/featuredarticles/2022/mapping-the-records-from-a-pms-house-to-the-conquerors-manor-1604/

Microsoft Word is by far the most popular word processor in the world. Although it is outrageously expensive with a price of $99 up to $429 (U.S.) for a version bundled with other office applications, a lot of people would never dream of switching to another product, especially if the other product is FREE.

That attitude always amazes me. I stopped using Microsoft Word about 20 years ago and switched to various free word processors. They varied in quality, as might be expected, but several of them met or even exceeded all my needs. I cannot imagine that I will ever go back to the Microsoft product.

This week I downloaded and installed a new product (at least, it is new to me) called ONLYOFFICE. I have only used it for a few hours, including for writing this article, but so far it has been a perfect replacement not only for Microsoft Office but also for Excel and for PowerPoint. In addition, it incudes a form creator, a PDF reader and converter, an email program, a rather simple but nice customer relationship management (CRM) program for sales management and productivity improvement, project management software for excellent team performance, and a calendar program for organizing and managing all the events in you life.

In short, ONLYOFFICE is a powerful online editor for text documents, spreadsheets, and presentations for the platform you use.

Yes, that's right: platforms (with an "S"). The software is available for Windows, Linux, Macintosh and (sometimes with slightly simpler versions) for Android and Apple iOS systems.

Best of all is the price: ranging from FREE for personal use up to several thousand dollars for use by hundreds of individuals in a corporate office environment. The pricing is a bit complex so I will refer you to the ONLYOFFICE web site at https://www.onlyoffice.com/ for all the details.

So far, I have only used the free versions and doubt if I will ever upgrade to the paid versions.

ONLYOFFICE headquarters are located in Riga, Latvia so all documents created by ONLYOFFICE are fully compliant with the European and North American General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) and the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) acts. Along with the main office in Riga, there are offices in London and Dallas. Besides, the company also has a wide community of project contributors all over the world. All software is open source.

Most of the various applications in ONLYOFFICE are available in two versions : one that is installed in the user's computer and a second version that is installed in a central server (such as in the cloud) that can be used simultaneously by dozens or even hundreds of users.

Describing all the features of ONLYOFFICE is a task that is beyond me. My plan for this article is to simply give you a taste of the product's primary features and then refer you to the company's web site at https://www.onlyoffice.com/ for all the details. That web site has thousands of words, images, and videos that describe the various features far better than I can. The same web site even includes a number of online tutorials explaining how to install and use the various software products. After all, describing ALL the features and functionality of this impressive suite of programs would fill dozens of these newsletters.

Am I impressed with ONLYOFFICE? You bet I am.

If you are interested in switching to a more powerful and sometimes FREE suite of office software products, one that has MORE functionality than Microsoft Windows, I suggest you go to https://www.onlyoffice.com/ and start reading. Make sure you have lots of time available; it will require all that time to become familiar with the ins and outs of these products!

The next time you are looking online for some obscure historical fact, make sure you check archive.org. The following is an article from Archive.org's blog:

From 1970 to 2004, Colgate University amassed as many as 1.5 million microfiche cards with documents from the U.S. federal government. 

The small, private liberal arts institution housed the collection in a central location accessible to the former reference service point and the circulation desk in Hamilton, New York. 

“Every single campus tour that goes through the library walks past this collection. Our well meaning student ambassadors would announce ‘Here’s our microfiche that no one uses,’” said Debbie Krahmer, accessible technology & government documents librarian at Colgate. 

Since the popularity of the miniaturized thumbnails of pages waned several years ago, many libraries have struggled with what to do with their microfiche collections, as they contain important information but are difficult to use. 

Krahmer was looking for ways to offload the materials and discovered the Internet Archive would accept microfiche donations for digitization. It was a way to preserve the content, make it easier for the public to access, and avoid putting the microfiche in a landfill.

“These government documents are meant to be available and accessible to the general public. For many there’s still a lot of good information in this collection,” said Courtney L. Young, the university librarian. “While the microfiche has been stored in large metal cabinets on the main level, many of our users do not see them. This project will improve that visibility and accessibility.”

About the donation

In July, the Internet Archive arranged for the twelve cabinets of microfiche, each in excess of 600 pounds, to be loaded onto pallets and shipped to the Internet Archive for preservation and digitization. Materials include Census data, documents from the Department of Education, Congressional testimony, CIA documents, and foreign news translated into English. 

Microfiche cabinets ready for shipping to the Internet Archive for preservation and digitization.

Colgate also gave indexes of the microfiche that will be “game changers” for other government libraries once they are digitized because the volumes are expensive and hard to acquire, Krahmer added. 

Krahmer said the moving process with the Internet Archive was easy and would recommend the option to other librarians.

“This is a lot easier than trying to figure out how to get these materials recycled,” Krahmer said. “In addition to improving discovery and access, this supports the university’s sustainability plan. It’s going to get digitized, be made available online, and preserved. This is win-win no matter how you look at it.”

Public access to government publications

Government documents from microfiche are coming to archive.org based on the combined efforts of the Internet Archive and its Federal Depository Library Program library partners. The Federal Depository Library Program (FDLP), founded in 1813, provides designated libraries with copies of bills, laws, congressional hearings, regulations, and executive and judicial branch documents and reports to share with the public.

Colgate joins Claremont Colleges, Evergreen State College, University of Alberta, University of California San Francisco, and the University of South Carolina that have contributed over 70 million pages on over one million microfiche cards. Other libraries are welcome to join this project.

The following press release was written by West Virginia University Libraries:

West Virginia University Libraries has been awarded a $39,300 LYRASIS Catalyst Fund grant to support the American Congress Digital Archives Portal, congressarchives.lib.wvu.edu, the first-ever online portal that brings together congressional archives from repositories throughout the United States.

The Portal will provide open access to congressional archives by bringing together these geographically dispersed and civically important sources from multiple institutions using open-source software (OSS) into a single online portal.

“The portal will illuminate the connections across collections, provide opportunities for new scholarship, civics and history education, and make the archives of the ‘People’s Branch’ more equitably available to the people,” Catalyst Fund Program Lead Leigh Grinstead said.

The prototype portal currently aggregates materials from WVU Libraries, the Robert J. Dole Institute of Politics at The University of Kansas, and the Robert C. Byrd Center for Congressional History and Education. The one-year foundations project was made possible with funding from the National Endowment for the Humanities.

The archives of members of Congress document the democratic process, the evolution of Congress as an institution, and narratives related to the country’s social, cultural, and political development. At a time in which America is experiencing deep political divisions, challenges to democratic norms and values, and when many Americans believe democracy is in crisis, the project takes on a new urgency. It has perhaps never been more important for scholars, educators, and the public to have access to the historical records of the people’s branch.

However, practical barriers to using congressional archives mean researchers, students, and the public may struggle to find and use them. Unlike presidential papers, which are centralized in one location with dedicated staff and funding, congressional archives are geographically dispersed among institutions large and small. For researchers, collections may be difficult to use because of limited travel funding and uneven description in and across collections. The pandemic has made these problems worse. 

The American Congress Digital Archives Portal project addresses these challenges and provides easier, more equitable access to congressional archives. Work remains in the project phases ahead to make the Portal an essential resource for scholarship and education.

“We are thrilled that LYRASIS selected our project, and their support will help us reach our goal of having a sizable, open-access digital portal for the nation’s 250^th anniversary in 2026,” Danielle Emerling, project director and associate curator of congressional and political collections at WVU Libraries, said. “Ultimately, we believe this project will expand availability of valuable documentation, lead to new topics of scholarly research, and serve as a resource to advance civic education and knowledge of America’s constitutional democracy.”

Over time, the Portal will make the history of Congress—and its importance in our daily lives today—more discoverable and accessible for everyone. 

The WVU Libraries’ West Virginia and Regional History Center holds the archives of many of West Virginia’s congressional delegations from the founding of the state in 1863 to the present. Resources from several collections are included in the portal.

LYRASIS, one of the nation’s largest non-profit member organizations serving archives, libraries, and museums, awards Catalyst Fund grants annually to foster innovation among members and knowledge communities worldwide. This year, five projects were chosen by the LYRASIS Leaders Circle and $159,408 will be distributed to projects across the United States.

In 1860, roughly 30 years after photography was invented, a series of photos were taken across Europe and India. Many of these were captured by prominent photographers at well-known landmarks and sites. But in other cases, it’s still unclear where, when, and by whom these photographs were taken. How to identify the location of these photographs?

An article by Foeke Postma published in the bellingcat.com web site describes one method that has been used recently to identify the locations.

Postma writes:

"New tools and a wealth of online data make it easier to navigate more than 150 years of evolving landscapes, cities, buildings and street names. Reverse image searches, Google Lens, digitised newspapers, heritage and auctioneering websites, AI colourisation and tools such as Peakvisor can help add valuable information and understanding to historic art collections.

"These tools and methods allowed us to pinpoint the location of several of these photographs. Here’s how we did it — and how you could, too."

Yes, you might be able to use such techniques to identify the locations of old, unlabeled, family photographs.

You can read Foeke Postma's article at: https://www.bellingcat.com/resources/2022/08/09/using-new-tech-to-investigate-old-photographs/.

A new genetic study may help those looking for ways to avert some of the troubling side effects of a common medication used to treat Parkinson’s disease.

Parkinson’s is sometimes treated with medication that increases dopamine activity in the brain. In some patients that triggers impulsivity, such as compulsive gambling, shopping, eating, or hyper-sexuality.

Impulse Control Disorder

But in a study published in the journal Annals of Clinical and Translational Neurology, researchers have identified genetic variants in Parkinson’s patients at risk for that problem. Using genetic modeling could help identify patients who are more likely to develop impulse control disorder due to prescribed dopaminergic medications.

Using machine learning and statistical techniques, the team was able to create a risk model to identify those at the highest risk.

In the paper, the researchers suggest that this might ultimately be used to make it easier for physicians treating those with Parkinson’s disease to identify those that should be prescribed an alternative to medication that increases dopamine activity, like levodopa.

You can read more in an article in the 23andMe Blog at: https://blog.23andme.com/23andme-research/impulse-control-disorder/ while the study itself, is available at: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/acn3.51569.

Experienced American genealogists all “know” that the 1890 U.S. census is unavailable as it was destroyed in a fire in 1921. Sure, everyone “knows” that because it has been repeated time and again in print ever since. Unfortunately, that statement is not entirely accurate.       

Some years ago, I wrote a Plus Edition article entitled, “The 1890 U.S. Census: Not Everything Was Destroyed.” Since then, I have found that even more records from the 1890 U.S. census are available today.

To be sure, this is a small snippet of the available information: a list of black farmers in Delaware. Nonetheless, it is an excellent example of how presumed “public knowledge” can be inaccurate.

After the taking of the Twelfth Census in 1900, the Census Office published a variety of statistical reports based upon data collected in that and previous censuses. In 1901, Le Grand Powers was the Chief Statistician for Agriculture. In September 1901, Mr. Powers or clerks under his supervision drafted proposed Census Bulletin No. 100 on Agriculture in the State of Delaware, published September 30, 1901. It appears that, a few days before publication of this Bulletin, someone within the Census Bureau disagreed with or questioned the conclusions reached about "Negro" farmers. As a result, a search was undertaken to locate all African American ("Negro") farmers in the Twelfth Census of the United States (1900) for Delaware, and then to locate as many of them as possible in the Eleventh Census of the United States (1890) for Delaware.

Keep in mind these government employees of 1901 had access to the original 1890 census records since those records did not get destroyed until the fire twenty years later. While only about 25 per cent of the records were destroyed in the fire, the remaining records were damaged, either by heat or by water, and were soon decaying in the non-air conditioned storage facility in later months. (Keep in mind that air conditioning was almost non-existent in 1921, the date of the fire.) Most of the remaining original records were destroyed at a later date. This makes the surviving snippets of information extracted before the fire so valuable.

On December 28, 1901, the Chief of the Geographer's Division summarized the search results in a letter to Professor Walter F. Willcox, another chief statistician for the 1900 census. Of the 818 "Negro" farmers in Delaware in 1900, the Bureau was able to locate 454 in the 1890 Delaware population and agricultural schedules. The Geographer retained these lists in his files, which were accessioned into the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA) decades later.

The NARA Microfilm Publication M1919 List of Selected African Americans from the 1890 and 1900 Federal Population Censuses of Delaware and Related Census Publications "Agriculture in the State of Delaware" (1901) and "Negroes in the United States" (1904) (1 roll) reproduces lists of selected African Americans from the 1890 and 1900 censuses of Delaware that are part of the Records of the Bureau of the Census, Record Group (RG) 29. In addition, selected Bureau of the Census publications relating to this subject matter have been reproduced from the Publications of the U.S. Government, RG 287.                       

A few unburned records from the original 1890 census were discovered in 1942 and still others in 1953. These had not been destroyed as ordered. These fragments, containing some 6,160 names from Alabama, Georgia, Illinois, Minnesota, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, South Dakota, Texas, and the District of Columbia, have been reproduced as National Archives Microfilm Publication M407, Eleventh Census of the United States, 1890 (3 rolls), and are indexed by National Archives Microfilm Publication M496, Index to the Eleventh Census of the United States, 1890 (2 rolls). For more information, see Kellee Blake, "First in the Path of the Firemen": The Fate of the 1890 Population Census, Prologue: Quarterly of the National Archives and Records Administration, Vol. 28, No. 1 (Spring 1996): 64-81, Part 1 and Part 2.

These microfilms are available directly from the National Archives and can also be rented for a modest fee at a local LDS Family History Center near you.

You can read a lot more about these topics on the National Archives and Records Agency’s web site at:"1890 Census" at: https://www.archives.gov/research/census/1890. It lists:

(1) General population census schedules

(2) Schedules of Union Civil War Veterans or their widows

(3) Oklahoma territorial schedules

(4) List of selected Delaware African-Americans,

(5) Statistics of Lutheran congregations

(6) Statistical information for the entire United States

The following announcement was written by the Board for Certification of Genealogists (BCG). This is an online webinar and attendees can attend from anywhere in the world (however, check the time zone differences):

“Finding Fayette's Father: Autosomal DNA Reveals Misattributed Parentage”

by Jennifer Zinck, CG

Tuesday, August 16, 2022, 8:00 p.m. (EDT)

Traditional documentation clearly identified Fayette's father without conflict. However, the DNA results of Fayette's descendants told a different story. Learn how DNA evidence combined with a trail of clues and the application of the Genealogical Proof Standard revealed a secret from the summer of 1913.

Jennifer Zinck, CG® is a genealogical researcher, speaker, and educator who specializes in incorporating DNA results into genealogical research. Her traditional research focus is Connecticut and New England. Jennifer serves as the President of the Connecticut Professional Genealogists Council. She is a member of the faculty of the Boston University Center for Professional Education Genealogical Certificate Program as well as the Salt Lake Institute of Genealogy. Jennifer earned her credential from the Board for Certification of Genealogists in 2021.

BCG’s next free monthly webinar in conjunction with Legacy Family Tree Webinars is “Finding Fayette's Father: Autosomal DNA Reveals Misattributed Parentage” by Jennifer Zinck, CG. This webinar airs Tuesday, August 16, 2022, at 8:00 p.m. EDT.

When you register before August 16 with our partner Legacy Family Tree Webinars (http://legacy.familytreewebinars.com/?aid=6795) you will receive a confirmation email containing information about joining the webinar. Anyone with schedule conflicts may access the webinar at no charge for one week after the broadcast on the Legacy Family Tree Webinars website.

“We are pleased to present these high-quality educational webinars,” said President LaBrenda Garrett-Nelson, JD, LLM, CG, CGL, FASG. “The Board for Certification of Genealogists promotes public confidence in genealogy by supporting uniform standards of competence. We strive to provide educational opportunities to family historians of all levels of experience.”

Following the free period for this webinar, BCG receives a small commission if you view this or any BCG webinar by clicking our affiliate link: (http://legacy.familytreewebinars.com/?aid=2619).

To see the full list of BCG-sponsored webinars for 2022, visit the BCG blog SpringBoard at https://bcgcertification.org/bcg-2022-free-webinars. For additional resources for genealogical education, please visit the BCG Learning Center (https://bcgcertification.org/learning).

The following is a press release from the 23andMe Holding Company:

First quarter revenue grew 9% to $64.5 millionConsumer revenue grew 17% year over year due to the addition of telehealth revenue
On track to achieve FY2023 financial guidance

SOUTH SAN FRANCISCO, Calif., Aug. 08, 2022 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- 23andMe Holding Co. (Nasdaq: ME) (“23andMe”), a leading consumer genetics and research company with a mission to help people access, understand, and benefit from the human genome, today reported its financial results for the first quarter (“Q1”) of its fiscal year 2023 (“FY2023”), which ended June 30, 2022. 23andMe is the only company with multiple FDA authorizations for over-the-counter genetic health risk reports, and in particular the only company FDA authorized to provide, without physician involvement, genetic cancer risk reports and medication insights on how individuals may process certain commonly prescribed medications based on their genetics. The Company has also created the world’s largest crowdsourced platform for genetic research, which it is using to pursue drug discovery programs rooted in human genetics across a spectrum of disease areas.

“During our first fiscal quarter, we continued to make progress in both our consumer and therapeutics businesses. In the consumer business, we continue to work on developing a genetic health service designed to integrate genetic health risk information into primary care with the goal of preventing or better managing disease,” said Anne Wojcicki, Chief Executive Officer and Co-Founder of 23andMe. “In our therapeutics efforts, we’ve used our research platform to create a pipeline of more than 50 programs, backed by human genetic data, with two now in Phase 1 clinical trials. We believe the new therapeutics that come out of our discovery engine will eventually play a significant role in helping people benefit from the human genome.”

Recent Highlights

• • Began offering genetic report consultations with a Lemonaid Health clinician that can help customers better understand the potential impact of their genetic risk profile and discuss potential next steps.

  • Expanded customer database to approximately 13.1 million genotyped customers.

  • Launched three new reports for customers subscribed to 23andMe+, a membership service that offers insights and features to give members even more actionable information to live healthier lives. These new reports use machine learning to create a statistical model that estimates a person’s likelihood of developing a specific condition using thousands of genetic markers, along with a person’s ethnicity and birth sex. The new reports released in the first quarter were:

    • Glaucoma report

    • Psoriasis report

    • Rosacea report

  • Added an update to 23andMe’s Nonsyndromic Hearing Loss and Deafness, DFNB1 (GJB2-Related) Carrier Status report that adds six variants that improve the coverage of the test for people with East Asian, Southeast Asian, and South Asian ancestry.

  • Published results from studies that provide further insights into long COVID, sarcoidosis and bipolar disorder.

“Our first fiscal quarter results were consistent with our expectations and keep us on track to achieve our previously-disclosed full-year financial guidance,” said Steve Schoch, Chief Financial Officer of 23andMe. “We continue to focus our efforts on creating a new consumer experience with our genetic health service and advancing our therapeutics programs, which we believe will provide our best opportunities to fuel future growth and progress towards profitability.”

FY2023 First Quarter Financial Results
Total revenue for the three months ended June 30, 2022, was $65 million, compared to $59 million for the same period in the prior year, representing an increase of 9%. First quarter revenue growth was primarily due to the inclusion of a full quarter of telehealth services and an increase in subscription revenue. These increases were partially offset by lower revenue in the other areas of Consumer & Research Services.

Consumer Services revenue represented approximately 87% of total revenue for the three months ended June 30, 2022, and Research Services revenue, substantially all derived from the collaboration with GSK, accounted for approximately 13% of total revenue.

Operating expenses for the three months ended June 30, 2022 were $115 million, compared to $72 million for the same period in the prior year. The increase in operating expenses was primarily attributable to increased labor costs and the addition of sales and marketing expenses from the previously acquired telehealth business. These were partially offset by lower R&D expenses due to decreased spending on the GSK6097608 (GSK’608) program following the company’s election to adopt the royalty option for the program from the previous cost sharing arrangement on development costs.

Net loss for the three months ended June 30, 2022 was $90 million, compared to a net loss of $42 million for the same period in the prior year. The increase in net loss for the three-month period ended June 30, 2022 was primarily driven by higher operating expenses (as noted above).

Total Adjusted EBITDA (as defined below) for the three months ended June 30, 2022 was a deficit of $50 million, compared to a deficit of $27 million for the same period in the prior year. The increase in total Adjusted EBITDA deficit was driven primarily by the increase in operating expenses, discussed above. Adjusted EBITDA for the three months ended June 30, 2022 for the Consumer & Research Services segment was a deficit of $17 million, compared to a deficit of $1 million for the same period in the prior year. The decrease in this segment was driven primarily by the increase in operating expenses listed above.

Balance Sheet
23andMe ended Q1 FY2023 with cash of $479 million, compared to $553 million as of March 31, 2022. The decrease was primarily attributable to the Company's overall operating cash flow deficit.

FY2023 Financial Guidance
23andme reconfirmed its full year guidance following Q1 FY2023 results. Full year revenue for fiscal 2023, which will end on March 31, 2023, is projected to be in the range of $260 to $280 million, with a net loss in the range of $350 to $370 million. The full year adjusted EBITDA deficit is projected to be in the range of $195 to $215 million for fiscal year 2023. As a reminder, this guidance includes the full-year impact of the consolidation of the company’s acquired telehealth business into its overall consumer business as well as the current and anticipated effects of general inflation on certain of our costs.

Conference Call Webcast Information
23andMe will host a conference call at 4:30 p.m. Eastern Time on Monday, August 8, 2022 to discuss the financial results for Q1 FY2023 and report on business progress. The webcast can be accessed on the day of the event at https://investors.23andme.com/news-events/events-presentations. A webcast replay will be available at the same address for a limited time within 24 hours after the event.

About 23andMe
23andMe is a genetics-led consumer healthcare and therapeutics company empowering a healthier future. For more information, please visit investors.23andme.com.

Forward-Looking Statements

This press release contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, including, without limitation, statements regarding the future performance of 23andMe’s businesses in consumer genetics and therapeutics and the growth and potential of its proprietary research platform. All statements, other than statements of historical fact, included or incorporated in this press release, including statements regarding 23andMe’s strategy, financial position, funding for continued operations, cash reserves, projected costs, plans, and objectives of management, are forward-looking statements. The words "believes," "anticipates," "estimates," "plans," "expects," "intends," "may," "could," "should," "potential," "likely," "projects," “predicts,” "continue," "will," “schedule,” and "would" or, in each case, their negative or other variations or comparable terminology, are intended to identify forward-looking statements, although not all forward-looking statements contain these identifying words. These forward-looking statements are predictions based on 23andMe’s current expectations and projections about future events and various assumptions. 23andMe cannot guarantee that it will actually achieve the plans, intentions, or expectations disclosed in its forward-looking statements and you should not place undue reliance on 23andMe’s forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements involve a number of risks, uncertainties (many of which are beyond the control of 23andMe), or other assumptions that may cause actual results or performance to differ materially from those expressed or implied by these forward-looking statements. The forward-looking statements contained herein are also subject generally to other risks and uncertainties that are described from time to time in the Company’s filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission, including under Item 1A, “Risk Factors” in the Company’s most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K and in its subsequent reports on Forms 10-Q and 8-K. The statements made herein are made as of the date of this press release and, except as may be required by law, 23andMe undertakes no obligation to update them, whether as a result of new information, developments, or otherwise.

Use of Non-GAAP Financial Measure

To supplement the 23andMe’s unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations and unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets, which are prepared in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America (“GAAP”), this press release also includes references to Adjusted EBITDA, which is a non-GAAP financial measure that 23andMe defines as net income before net interest expense (income), net other expense (income), changes in fair value of warrant liabilities, income tax benefit, depreciation and amortization of fixed assets, amortization of internal use software, amortization of acquired intangible assets, non-cash stock-based compensation expense, acquisition-related costs, and expenses related to restructuring and other charges, if applicable for the period. 23andMe has provided a reconciliation of net loss, the most directly comparable GAAP financial measure, to Adjusted EBITDA at the end of this press release.

Adjusted EBITDA is a key measure used by 23andMe’s management and the board of directors to understand and evaluate operating performance and trends, to prepare and approve 23andMe’s annual budget and to develop short- and long-term operating plans. 23andMe provides Adjusted EBITDA because 23andMe believes it is frequently used by analysts, investors and other interested parties to evaluate companies in its industry and it facilitates comparisons on a consistent basis across reporting periods. Further, 23andMe believes it is helpful in highlighting trends in its operating results because it excludes items that are not indicative of 23andMe’s core operating performance. In particular, 23andMe believes that the exclusion of the items eliminated in calculating Adjusted EBITDA provides useful measures for period-to-period comparisons of 23andMe’s business. Accordingly, 23andMe believes that Adjusted EBITDA provides useful information in understanding and evaluating operating results in the same manner as 23andMe’s management and board of directors.

In evaluating Adjusted EBITDA, you should be aware that in the future 23andMe will incur expenses similar to the adjustments in this presentation. 23andMe’s presentation of Adjusted EBITDA should not be construed as an inference that future results will be unaffected by these expenses or any unusual or non-recurring items. Adjusted EBITDA should not be considered in isolation of, or as an alternative to, measures prepared in accordance with GAAP. Other companies, including companies in the same industry, may calculate similarly-titled non-GAAP financial measures differently or may use other measures to evaluate their performance, all of which could reduce the usefulness of Adjusted EBITDA as a tool for comparison. There are a number of limitations related to the use of these non-GAAP financial measures rather than net loss, which is the most directly comparable financial measure calculated in accordance with GAAP. Some of the limitations of Adjusted EBITDA include (i) Adjusted EBITDA does not properly reflect capital commitments to be paid in the future, and (ii) although depreciation and amortization are non-cash charges, the underlying assets may need to be replaced and Adjusted EBITDA does not reflect these capital expenditures. When evaluating 23andMe’s performance, you should consider Adjusted EBITDA alongside other financial performance measures, including net loss and other GAAP results.

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